Of the many species of shark, (roughly 400 or so) less than 35 species are known for attacking humans. The sharks in question are usually over six feet in length and the most dangerous species are the great white shark and the tiger shark. Most sharks even the largest ones, normally eat sea creatures, plankton, sea lions, sea birds, sea turtles, other mammals, fish, and invertebrates but not humans.

The shark is an incredible predator, with well developed sense of sight and smell. They also have an organ common to certain species of fish that is sensitive to electrical currents in and around the water. These organs are called ampullae of Lorenzini and they no doubt will be able to pick up on the motion of a human swimming or bobbing in the water.

There are three styles of shark bites

The most common style occurs when the shark will take one big bite but leaves the victim alone after that. Shark experts believe that the attacking shark has mistaken the human for its normal food supply.

Another form of attack is when the shark bumps the swimmer then returns for more shark bites.

Shark bites can also occur without warning, with the shark sneaking up on the victim and then returning later on for more shark bites.

Both “bump and bite” and sneak attacks are the most severe and fatal forms of attacks for humans.

A bump from a shark can result in scratches. The shark skin has the texture of sandpaper containing tooth like structures called denticles. The mighty jaws of a shark contain several rows of serrated teeth which shed and are replaced constantly. Shark bites are either a series of parallel scrapings (cuts) against the skin or a single crescent shaped bite. It goes without saying that a bite from a shark can cause massive tissue damage, or total severance of a limb. It can also be relatively mild in comparison with very little bleeding or nerve damage depending on the species involved. There may be broken bones, and fragments of shark teeth left in the wounds.

Prevention

• Do not swim in shark infested waters; they like the point where the water goes from shallow to a deep plunge.

• Do not go swimming while menstruating, sharks are attracted by blood

• Do not wear shiny jewelry or bright and shiny clothing to attract their attention

• Splashing all about may get their attention and they may consider you their natural food source.

• Do not swim alone, or a dusk, dawn and nighttime. Sharks generally do not attack a group of swimmers.

• Do not fish or spear fish in shark infested waters

First Aid Care for Shark Bites

• Keep the victim calm

• Apply direct pressure on the wound if there is any bleeding

• Wash minor cuts with soap and water

• Bandage the cuts

• Make sure the victim is warm after coming out of the water

• Transport the victim to the nearest hospital or medical center

At the hospital center the doctors may do any of these things:

• Clean wounds

• Apply pressure to stop bleeding

• Prescribe antibiotics

• Administer IV’s

• Take Xrays

• Perform Surgery (if necessary to remove dead tissue)

• Suture wounds

• Administer a tetanus shot (if the victim has not had one in the previous five years

After initial visit to the doctor

Continue to inspect the wound and notify your doctor immediately if infection sets in or worsens (seepage of reddish brown fluid, blisters around the cut, pain, red streaks around the cut, swelling and fever)

Many parents are very frightened when their baby develops infant eczema. We always picture little babies as being beautiful and perfect and no parent likes to see their little baby full of blisters and uncomfortable. Although the exact cause of infant eczema is uncertain, it is said to be allergy-related. Many doctors also believe the tendency to develop infant eczema can be inherited from parents that have allergies, hay fever, asthma or other allergies. Some things that may worsen the condition on the baby are soaps, detergent, and synthetic chemicals from certain clothing.

One of the most important things you can do for the baby that suffers from infant eczema is to keep their skin clean and moisturized. Although dry skin may not be the cause of infant eczema, it definitely makes it worse. Use lukewarm water but not too warm as the hotter the water, the more it dries the skin out. When you take the baby out of the water, gently pat him dry. Dress him or her in loose fitting clothes preferably cotton. Animal dander is a known irritant to babies so avoid having pets around or near the baby.

Food is another cause of eczema, but it may be difficult to determine what food exactly causing the allergic reaction. The best way to determine this is to do a simple test eliminating one food at a time until you can find the food that the baby is being affected by. If the baby is being breastfed, the mother will have to test and eliminate foods that she’s consuming. Although there is no instant cure for infant eczema, there are simple things you can do to eliminate the baby’s discomfort as much as possible. If you’re unable to help to lessen the symptoms of the infant eczema, consult with your baby’s doctor or a dermatologist who can prescribe medication for the lesions and sores. The high spot is knowing that most babies outgrow their eczema, usually by their teens, if not sooner.

It does not matter if you have sensitive skin or regular skin, skin care is important. With more consumers demanding safe, chemical free skincare products, the market is flooded with natural skin care products that promise people no harmful side effects and glowing, healthy skin. It is always important to read the list of ingredients in natural skin care products that you are interested in purchasing because some contain ingredients that are not one hundred percent natural. Many natural skin care products have ingredients such as fruits, vegetables, sandalwood, honey, and herbs and come in liquids, creams, and lotions.

There are natural skin care products for almost every skin problem including eczema, acne, wrinkles, cellulite, dark circles, dry skin, eczema, and rashes. Some people prefer to make their own natural skin care products at home using ingredients such as vegetables, bananas, tomatoes, sandalwood, and honey. Using these homemade natural skin care products on a regular basis often results in radiant, blemish free skin that looks fresh and young. Jojoba oil is a simple, quick moisturizer that absorbs easily and is great for any type skin. After you clean your face, while it is still wet, apply a small amount of jojoba, which will act as a moisturizer.

Avocados are full of vitamins B and E, nutrients, and monounsaturated fats, which are great for rejuvenating and moisturizing tired, dry skin. Avocado facemasks made from natural skin care products or ingredients found at home are easy and quick to make. All you need is one avocado and three or four drops of almond oil. Simply peel one avocado, mash it and then add three or four drops of almond oil. Once combined, gently apply and massage the avocado to your face, let it stay on your face for half an hour and then remove with warm water.

Key ingredients in Over the Counter Medications

If you have mild acne or only occasional outbreaks you may find an acne treatment easily and quickly in your local drugstore. The following ingredients are often found in over the counter medications and are effective in treating acne:

• Sulfur: Sulfur helps to unclog pores and remove bacteria. It also reduces inflammation.
• Tea Tree Oil: Tea Tree Oil kills acne and is a common ingredient found in cleansers and toners.
• Benzoyl Peroxide: Benzoyl Peroxide provides oxygen to the pores causing the acne to die. However, it is very drying to the skin.

Prescription Medications

If you want to have clear skin quickly and take the guess work out of finding the right medication, consult with your dermatologist. Your dermatologist may prescribe you certain medications to clear up your acne. The following prescription medications are often effective acne treatments:

• Antibiotics: Antibiotics can be effective in treating acne but be careful not to use them for too long so that you do not build up a resistance.
• Retin A: This prescription medication is derived from Vitamin A and applied topically. Retin A is highly effective and can be used for extended periods of time. However, it does thin the skin so be sure to use proper sun protection at all times.
• Accutane: This is a prescription form of Vitamin A that is taken internally. While it is highly effective, it also has dangerous side effects including severe birth defects. It is best to only use this for short periods of time when you have severe outbreaks.
• Differin: Differin is similar to Retin A in that it is a topical prescription medication derived from Vitamin A. It is less drying than Retin A and a good alternative if you find that your skin is irritated by the Retin A. As with Retin A, be sure to use proper sun block.

You may find that you have to use different acne treatments at different times in your life. This may be because the severity of your acne has changed or a once useful treatment is no longer effective. There are so many acne treatments on today’s market that you should have no problem quickly finding a suitable treatment for your particular needs.

This type of an inflammatory condition of the skin is basically characterised by the appearance of red and scaly patches on the skin, known as psoriatic plaques. These spots become the centre point of inflammation and excessive skin production.

Gradually, the skin begins to accumulate at these spots and starts taking on a silvery-white appearance, usually appearing on the skin of elbows, knees, scalp or genitals.

What you also need to remember is that Psoriasis can often turn chronic and can range from minor localised patches to the complete body coverage. In order to keep away from this condition, the best you can do is to steer away from infections, stay hygienic and be generally alert about any warning signals.

To begin with, Vitamin E has very strong antioxidant properties, which means that it might be helpful in preserving the skin and slowing the process of aging. Research also shows that Vitamin E effectively helps in controlling acne, scars, angina, ulcers, stretch marks, varicose veins and pigmentation.

There are various food substances that are a rich source of Vitamin E and should be consumed to get a good supply of this nutrient. Such food items include beef, liver, green peas, vegetable oils, eggs, turnip and sunflower oil. Vitamin E is also found in oil that comes from soybeans, in wheat germ, cottonseeds, maize and green leaves such as lettuce.

Before we talk about the alternative treatments that people use for their psoriasis problems, let us first check out what kinds of creams are available to those who do use this kind of medication on their psoriasis. There are a lot of different types of creams that a person can use for his psoriasis problem, and these can be found in mild to strong variants, which are specifically created to help with the varied types of psoriasis. These creams have active ingredients that will help get rid of the flaky, white skin that tends to be one of the byproducts of psoriasis, and they also help prevent these flare-ups from coming back with a certain medication that is often part of these creams’ formulations.

There may also be a psoriasis cream or two that have moisturizing properties to help return a person’s skin to a smoother and suppler appearance, as opposed to the rough and dry skin that is usually the result of psoriasis. There are over the counter creams that can be used for such problems, and there are also stronger creams that have to be purchased with a prescription from a qualified skin doctor. The stronger psoriasis cream variants are often given to those who need a stronger kind of topical treatment for more severe psoriasis cases. The formulations of these creams may include steroids, a vitamin, tazorac, calcipotriene, and even a synthetic form of vitamin D to help combat the effects of psoriasis.

Other types of topical treatments are those that can be easily obtained without a prescription and these OTC or over the counter treatments may include salicylic acid creams, moisturizing creams and lotions, and tar based treatments. These are used to help a person with psoriasis get rid of the scaly and dry skin that is often the result of this ailment, and while this may not be effective for those who have more stubborn and severe types of psoriasis, they do work on those people who are experiencing the milder versions of the disease.

Active Ingredients

The answer depends on a variety of things. To find the most effective anti aging eye cream skin care product for you, you must first decide what problem or problems you want to improve. Then look for an anti aging eye cream that contains the right ingredients. If you suffer from wrinkles or puffiness look for an eye cream that contains one or more of the following ingredients: caffeine, alcohol, retinol, copper peptides, alpha hydroxy acids, or Vitamin C. Your goal is to tighten your skin and collagen.
If you are trying to lighten the dark circles around your eyes, look for products that contain Vitamin K, Kojic acid and hydroquinone. These ingredients will lessen the bruising and lighten the circles. Of course, there are highly effective anti aging eye cream skin care products that contain a combination of ingredients and will help you improve your wrinkles, puffiness and dark circles.

Improving your lifestyle by not smoking, eating a good diet and getting plenty of rest and exercise will also help your skin appear younger. So, when you begin to use anti aging eye cream skin care products also consider some simple lifestyle changes you can make to get the maximum benefit.

You May Need to Try Several Products

Keep in mind that you may have to try several different anti aging eye cream skin care products before you find the one that is right for you. To find the eye cream that is right for you as quickly as possible, first choose one with the ingredients you need to improve your skin. Then, use it according to the directions for several weeks. If you see an improvement in your skin, continue using it. If you are do not see an improvement, look for different anti aging eye cream skin care products that contain different ingredients and try again. Keep track of the products you use and their active ingredients so that you find the right one for you as quickly as possible. If you take the time to read the ingredients and try different anti aging eye cream skin care products, you will be rewarded with younger and more vibrant skin around your eyes.

I Know I Have Acne. So How Can a Dermatologist Help me?

First, a dermatologist can tell you what type of acne you have. This will be important in finding an effective acne treatment. Some of the different types of acne include:

• Acne Vulgaris: this is the most common form of acne. It includes whiteheads, blackheads, papules, and pastules. In severe acne vulgaris nodules and cysts are usually present.
• Acne Rosacea: although this is not technically a form of acne, it is often mistaken for acne. It is most common in people over the age of 30. It appears as a red rash on the face. While blackheads are not present, there may be bumps, pimples and other skin blemishes.
• Acne Conglobata: This is the most severe form of acne vulgaris. It can cause severe scarring and damage to the skin. It is most common in males between the ages of 18-30.
• Acne Fulminans: This is the sudden onset of acne conglobata. This type of acne also includes a fever and aching joints. Scarring can be so severe that it is disfiguring.
• Pyoderma Faciale: This type of acne is most common in women ages 20-40. It is a severe, often painful form of acne that occurs on the face.

Next, a dermatologist can perform some procedures during your office visit that can immediately improve your complexion. There are many procedures available including:

• Acne Surgery: This is a simple in office procedure to remove blackheads and whiteheads.
• Mircrodermabrasion: This removes the upper levels of skin to generate new, healthier skin
• Chemical Peels: This removes blackheads and whiteheads and allow new skin growth

Finally, there are a great many medications available to treat acne. A dermatologist may prescribe one of the following types of acne treatment:

• Topical Creams or Lotions: Some of these creams contain Vitamin A, some contain benzoyl peroxide, and some contain antibiotics.
• Oral Antibiotics: Oral medication may be useful in clearing some types of acne by reducing the amount of bacteria in the skin.
• Birth Control Pills: Some birth control pills may help control the level of hormones in the body

Given all of these variables, it is best to consult with your dermatologist to determine the acne treatment that is best for you.

In the case of eczema, many people will just believe they have a skin rash or an allergic reaction, which usually has some bearing on eczema. When we have any kind of skin irritation or rash, our first instinct is to put on some sort of lotions, creams or ointment. If you suspect you have eczema, you’ll probably put on some kind of eczema cream. There are many different brands of eczema cream on the market. Depending on the severity of your eczema, your doctor may prescribe a stronger eczema cream than what is available over the counter.

One of the main results from eczema is dry skin. When we are born, our skin as a natural protective oil coating which keeps our skin healthy and moist. Through repeated bouts with harsh irritants and contact with things that make our skin dry, our skin is stripped of the natural oils it needs. With the use of a good eczema cream, some of these oils can be returned to our skin, thus helping with the painful discomfort of eczema. You’ll be totally baffled as you begin browsing through the main types of eczema cream you’ll find in the stores.

Products that contain Vitamin E are often recommended for dry skin. Not only is Vitamin E excellent for putting moisture in our body, but it is also great for preventing infection, reducing redness and dry skin, reducing scarring and relieving itching and discomfort. Your pharmacist may be able to recommend a good eczema cream that is Vitamin E rich. Your doctor may also be able to give you names of some excellent brands of eczema cream. If you are trying to find your own effective eczema cream, try to look for creams that have specific ingredients. Some of these include bees wax, pasteurized cream and essential oils. These are usually the main ingredients. The best thing for you to do may be to experiment with different recommended creams until you find one that works best for you.